Good Country People Essay -- essays papers

Great Country People â€Å"Woman, Do You Ever Look Inside?† There are numerous topics inside Flannery O’Connor’s short story â€Å"Good Country People†. Religion is unquestionably one of the more noticeable topics that the story holds. Like the majority of O’Connor’s works, it has a major influence in the activities or qualities of the principle characters. This is all on a superficial level notwithstanding. The more significant and less emphasizd subject is simply the different exteriors the characters make for themselves. These veneers keep them from confronting their actual â€Å"grotesque† selves. These exteriors additionally conceal their shortcomings that they have no desire to confront ort just can’t comprehend. Individuals must be OK with each part of themselves, in light of the fact that specific individuals, who in this story are spoken to by Manley Pointer’s character, can without much of a stretch adventure their shortcomings. He’s â€Å"good nation people† and â€Å"the salt of the earth† as Mrs. Hopewell alludes to Manley Pointer who truly is a devil that they should confront. An evil presence to help them to remember their shortcomings. Starting with Mrs. Hopewell, the title of the story originates from what she jumps at the chance to consider the less fortunate and less lucky individuals that live off the land and work their entire lives just to cling to some piece of an actual existence. This is the way she sees these individuals. She accepts that they are acceptable nation individuals not an awful seed among them, that they are for the most part anxious to assist and bow in modesty to the high society. The simple idea of Mrs. Hopewell sells out her actual vision of a circumstance. She is one of those individuals who are all toady to individuals who they see as less blessed. She’s an individual that recognizes or represents the individuals she thinks nothing about. Inside and out this is her actual shortcoming that is exploited by Manley Pointer. One of ... ...of a minor character in the story yet she is alluded to as having two feelings, â€Å"forward and reverse†. This is significant on the grounds that when an individual is compelled to go backward they should confront something or master something they don’t need to think about themselves. This is by all accounts what occurs over the span of the story for Joy-Hulga. Albeit all the characters in the story are stuck backward, the main character that is compelled to understand her shortcoming, which demolishes the faã §ade that she made is Joy-Hulga. It appears that in this story as in life the most grandiose endures the best fall. Happiness Hulga was simply the person who saw to be the self important of the characters. This demeanor is shown with a significant number of her remark to Mrs. Hopewell. Maybe when Joy-Hulga comments to Mrs. Hopewell, â€Å"Woman, do you ever look inside?† she should’ve accepted her own recommendation.

Seven Ages by William Shakespeare free essay sample

He turns out to be exceptionally mindful of his looks and starts to appreciate the better things of life. †¢ Old age: He starts to lose his appeal both physical and mental. He starts to turn into the brunt of others jokes. He loses his solidness and emphaticness and contracts in height and character. †¢ Mental dementia and passing: He loses his status and he turns into a non-substance. He gets reliant on others like a youngster and needs steady help before at long last kicking the bucket. The sonnet begins with life being contrasted with a tremendous stage where we all are just entertainers. Every individual has a section into the world during childbirth and ways out it at death. As indicated by Shakespeare, each man plays a few sections during his life time. On the phase of life each man has seven acts. The principal demonstration of man is earliest stages. Right now all that the infant does is cry and vomit on his medical attendants lap. After he experiences his newborn child life, he develops as a school kid who slings his sack behind him and crawls most reluctantly to class. At the following stage throughout everyday life, the youngster is a sweetheart who is occupied with making anthems for his cherished and moaning profoundly for her consideration. He graduates into an unshaven trooper who guarantees seriously to watch his nation. He is loaded up with national pride, rushes to be offended and is consistently prepared to jump up in resistance. Now of time he is increasingly worried about status and notoriety. From the light-footed warrior, he proceeds to turn into an appointed authority whose waistline develops as he gets fatter and fatter. He wears a short, formal whiskers and his eyes become extraordinary. He is brimming with insight, addressing everybody in a fair and savvy way. After he has had this influence, he goes into the 6th age. He turns out to be flimsy, wears scenes, the skin around him hangs freely. He is ridiculed similar to an interesting elderly person. His childhood has been abandoned. His garments hang freely around him and his once masculine voice transforms into a shrill, silly one. With this, man enters the last demonstration where he encounters his second adolescence as he gets subject to individuals again. He is overwhelmed by feebleness and absent mindedness as he loses his resources of sight, hearing, smell and taste, gradually and at last bites the dust. Foundation of the Poem William Shakespeare was an extraordinary writer and an artist who mirrored the complexities and real factors of life in an extremely unobtrusive way. In his well known play As You Like It, Jacques gives a discourse about the seven phases in a keeps an eye on life. Jacques discourse turned into a showstopper and concentrates of the discourse are regularly cited in writing. Since Jacques was a despairing character, he presents a negative image of life. Outline Through Jacques, Shakespeare advances the view that the world is a phase where individuals have their impact. There are seven acts like seven phases in a keeps an eye on life. An individual performs diverse jobs in a solitary life-time. Initially, he is a crying infant in the arms of the medical attendant. Early stages is trailed by school-going stage, when he is splendid peered toward, walking reluctantly to class. In the third stage, he develops into a darling, composing sonnets in commendation of his dearest and moaning like a heater. At that point he assumes the job of a fighter, who is ill-advised, and who enthusiastically forfeits his life for respect. In the following job he is a Judge, very much took care of, prosperous, fat and wild peered toward. He is consistently in a mind-set of dazzling others and is loaded with shrewd adages. The following stage delineates man to be powerless, slight, wearing scenes and shoes. His garments are free and legs are dainty and his voice is ear-splitting like that of a kid. Toward the end comes the last stage when he loses his memory, teeth, eyes, taste, in certainty everything. It resembles a second youth as he needs to rely upon others for everything. Subsequently parts of the bargains his momentous life. Outline In this sonnet, Shakespeare portrays different phases of human life. He analyzes this world to a phase where people as on-screen characters and entertainers play out the dramatization of human life. The birth and passing of individuals is like the passage and exit of characters of stage. This perspective mirrors his profound connection with theater. Shakespeare says that every individual performs seven sections in this little show on the phase of the world. He makes his entrance as a child who is completely reliant upon others. This stage closes when the newborn child develops into a school kid. Shakespeare portrays him as a kid having a face new like morning, with his pack holding tight his side, strolling suitably to class. Before all else he doesn't care for going to class however continuously his reasoning changes. At the point when time passes onwards the student changed into a youth. He isn't a grown-up yet and because of absence of development, he enjoys captivations. The youngster through long stretches of experience rises as a fearless warrior. His wants and aspirations give a progressively forceful look. He has gotten rushed and battles about minor issues. He needs to get well known no matter what. The time of grit before long passes away by offering path to a develop and reasonable stage when he assumes the job of an adjudicator. He has cool, dispassionate eyes and wears a whiskers of formal cut. He offers talks to individuals and conveys shrewd adages. The stage likewise reaches a conclusion and the 6th age shows up. The insightful appointed authority is an elderly person now. His legs are meager and body has contracted and his solid voice changes into a squeaking voice. The seventh and the last phase of a keeps an eye on life is the hour of exit. He is by and by subordinate upon others as he was in earliest stages. Shakespeare has called this age second adolescence. As indicated by Jacques, the entire world is where man orders various parts relying upon an amazing phases. He advances by following the main phase of keeps an eye on life early stages and adolescence, wherein the youngster enlists his dissent against the different training powers of life. The school kid goes to class hesitantly. As per Jacques, the following stage is one rash and careless youth, portrayed through the figure of the down and out sweetheart and the gutsy fighter. The darling murmurs as uproariously as the clamor made by amazing heater. He follows the customary method of charming his darling by composing a sonnet to depict his sweethearts excellence. The Stages of Soldier, Justice, Aged Man and Second Childishness in the Seven Ages of Man The trooper encapsulates youth and is set up to pass on for his notoriety. This is trailed by a period of lack of concern and double-dealing shrewdness in the center a long time as found in the character of the rich and very much took care of equity. Jacques wants to concentrate on the negative side of mature age as found on account of the Pantaloon. This maturing man has contracted genuinely just as intellectually. The garments he had worn in his childhood, presently don't accommodate his contracted body. His voice is not, at this point masculine. It is noisy and whimsical. He slides unfortunately towards the last phase of infirmity and insensibility, defenseless as a newborn child. He has lost every one of his resources. The absolute initial two lines of the sonnet represent Shakespeares thoughts in regards to Life, Destiny and Providence. He firmly has faith in assumptions in regards to life. The writer fathoms that the stage is set by the Ultimate Creator, and we are negligible manikins out to act our jobs out as coordinated by Him. Their ways out and passageways are stage-overseen or foreordained. A man for the most part plays seven common parts. Like Ben Jonsons level character types dependent on the hypothesis of humors, these are encapsulated for the most part as indicated by age of the individual. In the principal stage, he is the newborn child, in the second, he is the student . In spite of the fact that he is enriched with a sparkling face and the force of youth, he moves loves a snail unprepared of the endowments he is credited with. He fears what the world holds coming up for him, and anxious of moving out of his defensive shell. At that point comes the sweetheart who pictures the world as a walk in the park. He is so fixated on his affection that he neglects to see anything past that. Like a heater, he ignites with the bubbly feeling of affection. He looks for joys in his misfortunes. In this way comes the officer who is as whiskery as a pard or as furry as a panther. He needs to overwhelm the world, brimming with guarantees. He looks for an air pocket notoriety, a short lived type of achievement that is genuine just for the present, never for the past or what's to come. He is indiscreet in articulations, and intuitive in feelings. The appointed authority was commonly with a major tummy and capon lined. The capon was a delicacy of times and used to pay off officials relating to the law. In this manner, Shakespeare in a roundabout way focuses to the degenerate acts of the time He had a whiskers of formal cut, as his calling requested of him and extreme or sharp eyes as expected of an appointed authority. His astute saws or age-old adages are even with a cutting edge standpoint. The 6th stage that of the Pantaloon alludes to the figure of Pantalone in the Italian Commedia dell Arte custom. The figure was encapsulated as an absurd character. Here Shakespeare caricaturizes him as being lean and slippered. A bespectacled man, he has a pocket close by maybe inferable from his bombing memory. The world is unreasonably wide for him now. Right off the bat, his contracted size causes the world to appear to be huger for it. Also, presently as his utility worth has gone down, he has gotten unreasonably little for the world. His masculine voice progresses into an immature treble. There are funnels and whistles in his sound inferring the squeaking, and furthermore the loss of his manliness. The last stage That closes this bizarre memorable history, Is second immaturity and unimportant insensibility, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. The word san is given by Jacques to influence elegant French. Described by dementia, the individual is likewise without the tactile observations, and hence no happier than a baby who at any rate has these.

Keep it simple, stupid

Keep it simple, stupid Yes, Ive read a bunch of books since my last post. No, I didnt feel like writing about them. Ill be back at school soon, where Ill actually have cool things to talk about. Im sure youre all excited. In the meantime, heres my latest MIT-induced headache: So I had this semi-epiphany where I kind of sort of maybe started thinking about majoring in 2A tailored for robotics. I started trying to re-work my fall schedule. I had this big list of about 10 different class combinations and had narrowed it down to a select few. My ideal schedule looked something like this: 2.001- Mechanics and Materials 6.081- Intro to EECS 8.033- General Relativity 24.900- Intro to Linguistics Only, as it turns out, 6.081, 8.033, and 24.900 are all at the exact same freaking time. Im not even joking. Of all of the hundreds (thousands?) of classes offered at MIT, three of the four I picked all have the same schedule. This kind of sucked, and opened up the floodgates of my hatred for those stupid HASS requirements. On the plus side, this led to a really funny conversation where I tried to explain all of this to my mom. Well, see I really wanted to take 24.900 because not only am I interested in the subject, but it fulfills two HASS requirements at once. On the other hand, it is offered every semester, so its not too big of a deal if I dont take it now. Id love to take 8.033 because Im really interested in it and I may minor in that subject, but its not a priority. The only thing is that its only offered in the fall, so if I dont take it now Ill have to wait until next year. At the same time, 6.081 is an experimental class, so its a complete wildcard, but given my new ideas about what I want to do with my life, it may or may not be required for my major. Mom: So take 24.900, it fulfills all the requirements. Laura: Yeah but I can just take it next semester so that may not be the best option. Mom: So take 8.033, if its only offered once a year. Laura: Well I may not even need that class, its not required for anything Im actually doing as of right now. Mom: Well screw that, take that one that starts with a 6 then. Laura: Listen, its not as simple as you just telling me what to take, ok? *pause* Mom: Hey Laura? Laura: Yeah? Mom: Could you just tell me what these classes are? The bottom line of the story is that I originally had about ten options. After narrowing it down to two or three, I realized there was a conflict, so I had to redo it. Now Im up to 17 combinations. I exaggerate, of course. Well, there technically are 17 different possible combinations at this point, but thats because I have seven HASS classes Im considering and havent narrowed it down yet. Of course, I do have it broken down into categories- those which fulfill a distribution requirement, those which fufill a communications requirement, those which will help towards one concentration Im considering (writing), and those which will count towards the other concentration Im considering (theater arts). This would all be so, so much simpler if only the HASS requirements werent so *!?$%^! stupid. Arrr. One really cool thing I stumbled across was 21M.604J. Take note, useful information here: the J at the end of the subject number indicates that this class is exactly the same as a class in a different major. Basically, 21M.604J = 21W.754J. Its a class in playwrighting, which means that it can count towards a concentration in either writing or theater arts, which is really cool considering I havent actually chosen between these two yet. =) In any case, its getting complicated. Here are the HASS classes Im thinking about: 17.20: Introduction to the American Political Process (HASS-D, CI-H) Studies American government, emphasizing the institutions of government and the representation of competing interests. Topics include the founding, constitutional interpretation, legislative processes, presidential power, public opinion and voting, group mobilization, political steering of the bureaucracy and the economy, and federalism. 17.30: Making Public Policy (HASS-D, CI-H) Examines how the struggle among competing advocates shapes the outputs of government. Considers how conditions become problems for government to solve, why some political arguments are more persuasive than others, why some policy tools are preferred over others, and whether policies achieve their goals. Investigates the interactions among elected officials, think tanks, interest groups, the media, and the public in controversies over global warming, urban sprawl, Social Security, health care, education, and other issues. 17.50: Introduction to Comparative Politics (HASS-D, CI-H) Examines why democracy emerges and survives in some countries rather than in others; how political institutions affect economic development; and how American politics compares to that of other countries. Reviews economic, cultural, and institutional explanations for political outcomes. Provides detailed examination of politics in the US, Germany, Italy, Mexico, and Iraq, with less detailed discussion of other countries in different regions of the world. 21M.600: Introduction to Acting Explores the actors tools: body, voice, mind, imagination, and the essential self. Through studio exercises, students address issues of honesty and creativity in the theatrical moment, and begin to have a sense of their strengths and limitations as communicating theatrical artists. Provides an opportunity for students to discover their relationship to the other in the acting partner, the group, the environment, and the audience. 21M.604J/21W.754J: Playwriting I Introduces the craft of writing for the theater. Through weekly assignments, in class writing exercises, and work on a sustained piece, students explore scene structure, action, events, voice, and dialogue. Examine produced playscripts and discuss student work. Emphasis on process, risk-taking, and finding ones own voice and vision. 21M.611: Foundations of Theater Practice Introduces the ideas, skills, and aesthetic issues which comprise the creation of the theatrical event. Guest artists and faculty members introduce the work of different disciplines such as directing, stagecraft, design, acting, dramaturgy, and criticism. Readings, in-class exercises, and scheduled work in design and/or performance studios help students understand and experience the basic creative impulse in each area. Each student develops a portfolio of analysis and research. 21W.755: Writing and Reading Short Stories Introduction to the short story. Students write stories and short descriptive sketches. Readings from European and American stories from the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. Class discussion of students writing and of the assigned stories in their historical and social contexts. What do you think?

Changing Nature of the Family over Past 50 Years - 777 Words

Changing nature of family over the last 50 years.- In many industrialized countries, people are increasingly turning away from traditional family patterns. They are adopting new roles for family members and various kinds of family structures. Many of these changes reflect scientific, economic, and social developments and changing attitudes. For example, modern birth control methods enable couples to limit the size of their family and to space their children. Many young people are postponing marriageand childbearing, and many couples want to have fewer children than people had in the past. The number of employed married women has been growing dramatically in industrialized countries. In the United States, for example, the percentage of†¦show more content†¦Various public welfare agencies offer guidance and economic aid. Other organizations counsel family members who have a specific problem. There are also groups to aid runaway children or battered children and wives. Many people tend to view the family as separate from society. They think all family problems can be solved by dealing only with the family. They fail to realize that the family is part of society and that society influences family life. Such social problems as drugs, poor housing, and unemployment directly affect family life. Increasingly, sociologists are finding that alcoholism, child abuse, runaway children, unhappy marriages, and certain other family problems are related to problems in society. They believe that such family problems can be reduced by dealing with the social conditions that help promote them. For example, programmes that create new jobs, improve housing, or restrict drug trafficking help support family life. With the existence of such programmes, the family is no longer solely responsible for overcoming all the social problems that affectShow MoreRelatedHow Has the Nature of Family Life Changed in Australia over the Past 50 Years and What Impact Has This Had on Australian Society ?1026 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 14 2013 How has the nature of family life changed in Australia over the past 50 years and what impact has this had on Australian society ? Society and culture The nature of family life in Australias has changed over the past 50 years mainly due to advances in technology, changes in gender roles and also because of who has power and authority in todays modern families. As a result of these changes, Australias society has been impacted in many ways. For example, there has been anRead MoreA Research Study On Li s Research1592 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom 2000-2005. They posit that this period of the extensive loss of some of the most productive and quality land coincides with the implementation of many local economic development initiatives by local governments. They go on to argue that the changing role of local governments in regards to the land at the time put officials in conflict of interest as they were charged with the title of local developer and defender of local farmland. Thus even if farmers wanted to keep their land under agriculturalRead MoreThe Decline Of The Family941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Declining Family Throughout human history individuals around the world, of various ethnic, racial, cultural backgrounds have linked together to form what people call today families. A lot of questions come to mind when contemplating the complex relationship people have. Since families have a direct bearing on society now and on future generations it is essential to take seriously what is happening to the family. Is the American family in decline, and if so what should be done about it? â€Å"TraditionallyRead MoreChanging Culture of the Church Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagesgrew up in; priorities have changed with people finding completely new ways to spend their time, people have an barrage of options presented to them with every decision and everyone seems to find someone else to blame for the current situation. 50 years ago this country was experiencing a cultural way of thinking known as modernity, this was described very well by Anthony Giddens here; â€Å"Modernity is a shorthand term for modern society, or industrial civilisation, it is associated with a certainRead MoreEssay on Summary: the Changing Nature of Death Penalty Debates.894 Words   |  4 PagesIn this paper, the authors examine how the death penalty argument has changed in the last 25 years in the United States. They examine six specific issues: deterrence, incapacitation, caprice and bias, cost innocence and retribution; and how public opinion has change regarding these issues. They argue that social science research is changing the way Americans view the death penalty and suggest that Americans are moving toward an eventual abolition of the death penalty. The authors describeRead MoreHigh Mortality Rates Among Men Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesrates among men over fifty due to smoking has prompted medical professionals to encourage more lung cancer screening. Screening is recommended for all men and women under the age of 80 who are present smokers or were smokers in the past. De Koning et al. (2014) identify three sub-categories for current and past smokers between 55 and 80 years old. One category covered those with 25 years since stopping, or 20 or less pack-years. 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It has become quite clear that understanding and incorporating cohabitation into sociological analyses and thinking, is crucial for evaluating family patterns, people’s lifesty les, children’s wellbeing and social changesRead MoreChildhood Disability And Child And Youth1615 Words   |  7 Pagesvulnerable years of human beings, given the unaccomplished biologic and social growth and development, and lack of ability of autonomy. Therefore, childhood disability deserves a meticulous approach and classification. In 2007, World Health Organization (WHO) introduced International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth (ICF-CY) version, a special classification system sensitive to the rapid changes of development for children and youth under 18 years of age. In

The Cuban Revolution Of Cuba - 1670 Words

In the 1950’s, tourists visited the island of Cuba for its warm beaches, culture and Spanish colonial architecture. But underneath the surface, was a revolution ready to burst through the Cuban people they just needed the right person to lead them. Cuba at this time was run by a Political Dictator named Fulgencio Batista. Fulgencio Batista was elected President of Cuba between 1940 and 1940. In 1952 Batista declared that constitutional guarantees and the right to strike will be suspended. He became a dictator with absolute power over Cuba. Batista turned the Cuban capital of Havana into one of the largest gambling cities in the world. Batista reorganised the Cuba’s treasury so that political representatives and himself can take freely from the riches. Under Batista’s rule, education and health care wasn’t free to the general public. The Cuban public were not satisfied with Batista and how he was ruling Cuba, the people didn’t have a say in decisions in government, were treated unfairly with high taxes, selling/giving the peoples land to American business owners. Fidel Castro was the man who successfully removed Batista from his cruel dictatorship. In Castro’s early life, he went to three expensive Catholic schools. He was good at sports, and participated and led camping and climbing exhibitions. Castro fought with the other boys and teachers frequently. â€Å"He succeeded in everything. In sports, in studies. And every day he would fight. He had an explosive character.† RaulShow MoreRelated The Cuban Revolution and the Triumph of Women in Cuba Essay2996 Words   |  12 Pagesout of power, and in 1961 Castro deemed the revolution to be officially of a Marxist nature. Throughout his 40-year stay as president, Castro has not allowed his revolution to stall, but rather he has allowed it to progress and adapt as he has seen fit. In relation with Castro’s revolution in Cuba has been another revolution, that of the Cuban women. Castro himself described the changes in women’s public and private lives as a revolution wit hin a revolution. In a true system of equality, as in theRead MoreCuba In Revolution By Antoni Kapcia Discusses Social Change1191 Words   |  5 PagesCuba in revolution by Antoni Kapcia discusses social change and how the world needs to think about Cuba separate from Europe. The book is a well written history that summarizes Cuba in the 1950’s as its own branch of socialism and not an extension of the Soviet Union. It also gave new insight to the ideas of Castro. The books downfall is that it was for the Castro regime, which alienated some readers from the main point of his argument. 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Plato and Moral Authority Free Essays

Kathryn Kelsven Dr. David Sgarlatta Humanities 253 December 21, 2012 Comparing Two Readings After reading Plato’s Apology and Leviticus 17-27, I found several differences in the way people are judged for the crimes they have committed as well as, by what are actually considered crimes or sins. I want to explore these differences by asking two questions to each reading: What kind of behavior constitutes as a sin or a crime? What is the source of moral authority behind laws and legal judgments? In Plato’s Apology, what constitutes as a sin or a crime? Socrates was accused of being a â€Å"doer of evil, and a corrupter of the youth, and he does not believe in the gods of the state, and has other divinities of his own† (Apology 1). We will write a custom essay sample on Plato and Moral Authority or any similar topic only for you Order Now These are all things that Meletus has brought Socrates to court for. These are all these that are considered to be a crime to Meletus and the Athenians throughout Apology, as Socrates proves this by continuously taking each item he is accused of and asking Meletus and the Athenians if they believe it to be true. In Leviticus 17-27, what constitutes as a sin or a crime? Throughout the reading there are several different times where the LORD speaks to Moses and tells him to let the people know that if they do not follow his command then they are disobeying him. In Leviticus chapter 22:1-2, it states. † The LORD said to Moses, â€Å"Tell Aaron and his sons to respect the sacred offerings which the Israelites consecrate to me; else they will profane my holy name. I am the LORD. †(Leviticus 22). Here, disrespecting a sacred offering is considered a sin. There are also many other examples of what is considered a sin. In chapter 19:4, â€Å"†Do not turn aside to idols, nor make molten gods for yourselves. I, the LORD, am your God. †(Leviticus 19). In this case, you should not worship idols or make idols because that would be going against the LORD who is your God. Also in Chapter 17:3-4 it says, â€Å"Any Israelite who slaughters an ox or a sheep or a goat, whether in the camp or outside of it, without first bringing it to the entrance of the meeting tent to present it as an offering to the LORD in front of his Dwelling, shall be judged guilty of bloodshed; and for this, such a man shall be cut off from among his people. (Leviticus 17). In this section, anyone who does not first present his killing as an offering is automatically considered guilty for bloodshed and is cut off from the people. All of these examples show what are considered sins in Leviticus, and there are many more. In Plato’s Apology, what is the source of moral authority behind laws and legal judgments? Socra tes is brought before judges. After asking Meletus what he means by calling him an Atheist, Meletus says, â€Å"I assure you, judges, that he does not believe in them; for he says that the sun is stone, and the moon earth. (Apology 3). Meletus is trying to prove to the judges, being the ones that will make the ultimate decision of what happens, that Socrates does not believe in any gods. In the very beginning of all of this, after Socrates makes his opening statement, he says, â€Å"Tell the judges, then, who is their improver; for you must know, as you have taken the pains to discover their corrupter, and are citing and accusing me before them† (Apology 1). Again the judges are to be told something in order to prove a point. This all shows that in Plato’s Apology the judges are the moral authority behind laws and legal judgments. In Leviticus 17-27, what is the source of moral authority behind laws and legal judgments? In each chapter we see that the very first statement is always â€Å"The LORD said to Moses† (Leviticus 17-27). This statement is not only at the beginning of every chapter but it is also throughout the chapters. Each time this statement is made it is followed by a law that the LORD is giving to the people. There will also follow some sort of punishment if that law is not followed. The LORD said to Moses,†Tell the Israelites: Anyone, whether an Israelite or an alien residing in Israel, who gives any of his offspring to Molech shall be put to death† (Leviticus 20). This is a perfect example. The LORD tells Moses what the law is and then follows up with how the people will be punished if not to follow the law; in this case they will be put to death. The LORD is clea rly the one and only one to be of any kind of authority when it comes to laws and legal judgments. Both of these readings have very different ideas as to what a sin or a crime is, as well as who is the authority on the laws that have been made. Leviticus is based on there being one authoritarian who decides the laws and decides your punishments if you disobey those laws. In Leviticus you have no way to argue against you convictions. What the LORD says, goes. Also, in Leviticus there are several different criteria for what is considered a sin as compared to Apology, where there are just a few things brought up that are considered to be a sin or a crime. Apology is based off convincing the people or the judges of what is right or wrong and letting them decide your fate. You have a chance to fight for yourself and prove yourself to be innocent. How to cite Plato and Moral Authority, Papers

Commercial Law for Samsung Note 7- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCommercial Lawfor Samsung Note 7. Answer: A tort law put in simplified terms refers to, committing a civil violation against an individual party causing them harm, and thus making them able to sue for damage charges. Samsung electronics producer is held responsible for tort negligence, due to the diverse damages that occurred after the manufacturing of Samsung galaxy note 7.The following paper discusses the details of how Samsung galaxy manufacturers are held liable for the damages that occurred to Australian consumers, due to failures of the manufacturing and faulty battery design. Samsung galaxy note 7 is an android Smartphone whose use has since been put to an end, produced in the year 2016 by Samsung electronics. It is a successor to galaxy note 5 hence it is recorded as the sixth device in the series of galaxy notes. The Samsung electronics is however blamed for failing to take part in the process of duty to warn its consumers on the faults that occurred during the manufacture of the product, Samsung galaxy note 7. The duty to warn is a perception arising from the tort law prompted by various circumstantial situations. These duties explain that a specific party which has a chance to forewarn on impending danger pertaining to faults they are aware of likely to occur, but fails to do so, is subject to suing for resultant damages and injuries. The duty to warn is a case that sprouts up from product liability actions. Reason of Damages Caused by Samsung Note 7 According to Mr. Koh, the chief of Samsung mobile, the company admits to being held responsible for failing to examine and authenticate, the evident problems brought about in the designing and production of the Samsung note 7 batteries (Sang-Hun and Mozur, 2017). The hasty introduction of Samsung to the market without further detailed checkup was prompted by the stiff competition posed by apples iPhone 7 (Tilley, 2017). However, battery professionals present at the meeting announcement blame the decision of battery design as the main point of problem occurrence (Samsung completes the investigation of Note 7 explosions; sends the report to regulators, 2016). Samsung settled on the option of producing a thinner separator within the battery, with the belief that it would stand out more powerful compared to the other batteries. The vital component, a separator, responsible for separating positive and negative electrodes is said to be prone to cause a fire if it is faultily fixed (Strange, 2017). During the investigations carried out by a safety company hired by the Samsung Company, findings proved that the thinness of the separator led to poor protection against battery damages. Moreover, the battery's high energy density is responsible for the increase of failure occurrence. Claims are also blamed on Samsung for their incapability to genuinely create safe ideas due to facing pressure from their opponents. The company is also responsible for the harsh treatment of workers thus influencing their work competence. Product Liability In cases of product liability, the manufacturer or producer is held responsible for injuries or damages arising from their product use by consumers (Versteeg, 2015). Furthermore, the consumer has the right to sue the producer for failure to issue an advanced warning on the side effects that may arise due to the use of the product or, issuance of proper instructions guiding on the use and maintenance of the product at hand. According to the commercial laws of Australia based on business products, failure of the producer to comply with the above statement will lead to the law concluding to the defectiveness of the product (Versteeg, 2015). Based on the case of Samsung galaxy note 7, it is evident that the company issued a number of warnings to its consumers due to the safety concerns in relation to the product. Additionally, there are several claims that commonly associate with cases of product liability and they include; negligence, violation of warranty, stern liability and other protection claims in relation to the consumer safety. Product liability laws are said to vary in different existing states depending on the state level (Versteeg, 2015). According to restatement of torts, there are three major distinguishing types of product liabilities: Defects related to manufacturing: these defects occur during the process of manufacturing and majorly results from the use of materials with poor quality and unskilled or incompetent unskilled labor. Designing defects are most likely to take place when the design at hand is naturally unsafe or ineffective despite the keen focus in the steps of manufacture. Proof of design flaws is possible by effectively showing how the product has failed to satisfy the consumers ordinary expectations in regards to the entailing of a safe product. In addition to that, the existent risks portrayed in the use of the commodity which in turn seem to outweigh any comparable benefits of the products design. Defects in marketing which is also referred to as failure to warn. Defects arising from the failure to warn, most likely come up in products containing natural dangers that are not obviously known, unless keen observation and investigations are carried out on the product. Based on the business requirements stated in the Australian Consumer Law, every consumer has the right to be provided with guarantees and remedies on the goods and services offered by an individual business or company consumer guarantees comprises a set of rules in application to any goods and service offered to a consumer by a business (Rippee White, 2012). These rules are available so as to outline the different situations under which a consumer is supposed to be given a suitable remedy in case of product damage or defect. Furthermore, the Australian Consumer Law states that those liable to meet the terms of consumer guarantees are none other than the business providing services and goods, manufactures of goods and importers of goods. According to Samsung manufacturing company, the consumers are entitled to some specific rights against the manufacturer in reference to the Australian Consumer Law (Latimer, 2016). Businesses selling goods are required to provide a full proof guarantee to its consumers that; the goods being sold are of up to standard quality (Versteeg, 2015). This means that it is mandatory for the goods to be safe, durable, and non-faulty and meet the satisfactory needs of clients. The merchandise sold should be use-flexible thus fitting the specified need intention of use by the buyer. The product should be precisely described. It is advisable that the merchandise matches a sample of the provided model. Express warranty should be satisfied by the presence of the commodity. The title of the product should be clear. The goods displayed should be accompanied with a rightful possession and use, curbing any rights of preventing the consumer from using the good. Most importantly, the goods should have available spare parts and easily accessible repair centers availed for a good time allowance (Versteeg, 2015). On the other hand, the provision of remedies should the guarantee not be met as stated by the Australian Common Law entitles the consumer to a remedy by the company or retailer at which the good was purchased (Latimer, 2016). There are two common faults which entitle a consumer to the rightful remedial course. They are the major and non-major failure. In accordance with the Australian Common Law, a major failure is bound to occur if: The consumer in charge of purchasing a certain commodity is unaware of the negating issue concerning the condition of the good sold. If the goods are considered unsafe. If the goods are proven to be unfit substantially to suit their intended purpose. Samsung due to its concern for clients made the following remedies available: If the goods are in a repairable state, Samsung has the moral duty to correctly repair the faulty good. Offer similar good replacement. Refund the payable amount used in purchasing the commodity. If the goods have undergone severe damage and therefore cannot be repaired, the client is at will to reject the goods or ask for compensation from the Samsung Company. The Australian consumers, based on the findings of Samsung's faulty battery, have every right to file damage complaints against the manufacturer and producer. Samsung visibly puts its interests ahead of its consumer's safety. They quickly processed and introduced Samsung galaxy note 7 to the market so as to be ahead of their competitors. In so doing they failed to conduct the necessary checkup to ensure that their product was fault free. Additionally, it is known that after the dangers of using Samsung galaxy was exposed by the rampant explosion of battery, the company decides to shut down the use and existence of all Samsung note 7s ( Ribeirot, 2016). The abrupt shutting down of this technological device after its introduction to the market greatly affects consumers who have already purchased the commodity. Additionally, the Samsung Company is supposed to issue refunds to all clients who purchased the phone. The refunding process is likely to incur major losses to the company but lucky enough, according to the statistical findings carried out by the company, the profits earned due to Samsungs great sales is enough to cater for all the expenses. Damage Caps Whenever a plaintiff takes the step of suing a company, producer or manufacturer on claims of faulty products that led to personal injury, the plaintiff always has the hope of receiving compensation (Boeschen, 2017). Harm arising from cases of personal injury is limited to a variety of concepts lying in the legal law. These types of damage caps include; non economic caps, changes to traditional laws and punitive caps. Economic harm relates to the total cost spent as a result of the injury. Most personal injuries require medical attention which may cause a certain amount. Other injuries may lead to property damage thus requiring repair. In summary, the economical damage is any harm that occurs causing one to spend their money in regaining a previous state of existence. Non-economic caps, on the other hand, result in inward damage that is emotional. Importance of Caps on Personal Injuries and How They Help in Limiting Torts The role of damage caps is to help manage the high cost of business terms normally directed to the client as a certain product, in turn, reducing service provider's liability. In simple terms, mistakes are bound to happen in any creation done by a normal human being. Some people who tend to be harmed or negatively offended by the faulty acts tend to overly exploit the defaulters. In so doing, they claim for high amount compensations which may heavily incur debts and costs to the accused. Damage caps are licensed by insurance companies ensuring fair compensational charges are made and after a thorough follow-up has been done. Some plaintiff may also wrongly accuse faulty products to a consumer when the main cause of damaged produce is as a result of the client poorly handling the commodity (Boeschen, 2017). Additionally, damage caps discourages the unscrupulous act by which people use to setting up lawsuits with the belief of extorting huge sums of money from the accused party (Boeschen, 2017). All courts will want to deliver a just ruling and not appear to favor one party. The court is not a business bargain area but a place that offers true justice to those who truly deserve it. According to Hartley (2017), the report on Samsung galaxy note 7 faulty batteries says it caused a hotel room to explode. This only means that the hotel had to undergo renovations so as to restore the previous state of appearance that had been damaged due to the explosion (Strange, 2017). More so, it is likely that some people got injured and had to seek immediate treatment. Conclusively, the setting up of commercial laws is an important measure since it helps protect the interests of both the consumer and their service providers. The availability of business laws makes it easier to follow up on damage claims and to precisely ensure complete and fair business transactions. References Boeschen .C. 2017. Damage Caps and Other Limits on Personal Injury Compensation. https://www.alllaw.com/articles/nolo/personal-injury/damage-caps-limits-compensation.html Hartley, S. (2017). The Case Of The Exploding Samsung Phones. Busidate, 25(1), 9-12 Latimer.P.2016.Australian Business Law. Ribeirot, J. (2016). Samsung kills off the Galaxy Note7 to end the exploding battery debacle. Pcworld, 35(11), 27-29. Rippee, S. M., White, E. E. (2012). Stabilization of Product Liability Law by Statute: Mississippi as a Case Study. Defense Counsel Journal, 79(3), 329-346. Samsung completes the investigation of Note 7 explosions; sends the report to regulators. (2016). FRPT- Software Snapshot, 17-18. Sang-Hun .C and Mozur.P. 2017. Samsung Galaxy Note 7 Crisis Signals Problems at Korea Inc. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/23/business/samsung-galaxy-note7-fires.html?_r=1 Strange. A. 2017. Finally, Samsung reveals why the note 7 exploded. Mashable inc. mashable.com/2017/01/22/samsung-note-7-investigation-findings/ Tilley, A. (2017). Samsung Finally Opens Up On Investigation Into Note 7 Fires: Blame The Batteries. Forbes.Com, 1. Versteeg, R. (2015). Product Liability and Commercial Law Theories Relating to Concussions. Journal Of Business Technology Law, 10(1), 73-11

Environment Pollution and Human Activity Essay Example

Environment: Pollution and Human Activity Paper Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by Topic: human activity others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? Nowadays the Earth faces a number of serious problems, such as the environment pollution, the increasing population, the fatal effects of nuclear weapons, etc. The problems arising from nitrous development in terms of science and technology but also the increase in human demands based on population and economy. According to Professor David Karol from the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Melbourne, it is time to take urgent action to slow global warming by human activities, because the impacts of human-caused climate change in many natural systems much earlier than previous studies had projected which are being seen (Proof: humans have damaged earth, 2008). There is inconvertible fact that in history of humanity, human causes detrimental effects on earth. Indeed, human activity affects nature and human environment. For centuries, many activities of human have destroyed ecosystem of the Earth. Deforestation and over-hunting is one of the main causes of this serious situation. The world is very big but natural resources are not endless. In fact, Dave Gilbert (2012) announced that nearly a fifth of the Brazilian forest has been lost since 1970. That means all of the trees, plants, insects, animals and people who live there either killed or forced to find a new home. The world population is growing rapidly, so people need food and shelter. Many food and housing means that they need more land from nature. Therefore, they cut down trees to build houses, deforest to plant vegetables and raise cattle. We will write a custom essay sample on Environment: Pollution and Human Activity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Environment: Pollution and Human Activity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Environment: Pollution and Human Activity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They destroy natural areas in order to expand cities and owns, and they overuse natural resources. Now people only can see some animals in the zoo because they have disappeared in nature. In addition, intensive and indiscriminate fishing in freshwater systems, such as Lake Victoria in East Africa have catastrophic effects may prove to biodiversity (Else Michael, 201 1). Poaching is not only a serious problem but also massive over-fishing. Many nations have banned illegal activities, but enforcement is very difficult. Industrial pollution and daily waste is also a major factor affecting the environment. Admittedly, people are producing more and more rubbish, because they prefer to eat the ready-made food. This has given rise to the rubbish production. These garbage produce in many ways and unfortunately, have bad effect on ecosystem. Susan Patterson (2014) showed that farmers in the U. S. Use about 450 billion kilograms of pesticides every year, so most of the rivers and streams in the U. S. Have more chemicals that cause cancer and birth defects. In industry, many companies are causing a lot of pollution. The fast rate of growth of chemicals industry has seriously affected the health of to only the environment but also the population. The companies have chimneys that emit bad toxic that pollutes the air. They also use chemicals that are bad for the environment. The chemicals have bad environmental effect on the water and ground. The environments pollution levels are important, because it can effect badly on human bodies. Air pollution can affect the ability to breath, water pollution can affect human health, and lastly the ground pollution can affect all sorts of different cancers, such as lymph node cancer and stomach cancer. Correspondingly, the companies also occupy many places where animals and plants live. The projects improve roads and highways between beautiful greenwood and virgin forest. Therefore, with decreasing forests, people face to increase the gas of carbon dioxide that there are not enough plants to absorb it According to Channel (201 2), as many as 300 volunteers from Youth Senora International and HCI Technologies cleaned Marina Beach on July 4. For resolving the increasing stress on the environment and resources, and also responding to the ever-increasing demands of the citizens for environmental laity protection and improvement in ecological environment, many organizations and campaigns is set up to protect environment. On the other hand, the modern life brings human many convenient things such as road and cars. Human can travel or go to other places more conveniently. They also have more convenient and entertaining things such as television, microwave, computer, and air conditioner. No one can deny that some human activities make the earth a better to live. However, these things could destroy our environment. A lot of air pollution emits to environment from electricity generation. Exhausted gas from cars and flue gas from factories also pollute the air. Besides, the natural resources that used as the main energy are not endless as we thought. Modern industries need more and more resources such as oils, gases, fuels, and water. So, people faced to the serious problems such as the shortage of fuels and water. Human will die of thirst if they waste water, or die of hungry if they waste the needful fuels that they need for cooking food. If human are not careful about how we use the trial resources, they will lose many of them in the near future. The Earth is being changes by human-caused. Many people are still trying to protect the environment against danger. With practical activities such as planting trees, building national parks, protecting danger animals, etc. However, the bad influences are outweighed the good. Human activity is harming not only the Earth but also the living habitats of animals and people. In sum, people should consider carefully before doing something to minimize bad influences on the earth and protect the human life.

Louis Pojman Theory

Louis Pojman Theory Louis Pojman suggests of a world where â€Å"the virtuous are rewarded and the vicious punished in proportion to their relative deserts†. Merit and desert are the two different fundamental ethical principles that are focused on in his statement. Merit is the reward or punishment due to a person while desert means deserving.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Louis Pojman Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This theory therefore implies that people should be rewarded or punished based on not only their natural traits, but also the extent of goodness or badness of their actions. I would agree with Pojman that we deserve what we earn; however looking at the reality on the ground it is undeniable that this is not the case. Furthermore, due to the different laws and cultures in our world, it would be seemingly impossible to uphold such a rule (Waller 2008) According to Pojman, â€Å"the idea of rewarding the good and punishing the bad is the normal of evolving of culture†. To dictate what constitutes good or bad is quite subjective, but the question is how one should determine the degree of goodness or badness. The impact or repercussions of an individual’s deeds could be one measure that could be used in this instance. Pojman observes that a good deed done half-heartedly should be rewarded differently from an action done whole heartedly. An individual should therefore be compensated on the basis of his efforts or how well he has performed his tasks, but empirically there’s no way of determining his or her input into the task. A person could be good at something, based on a natural attribute, which would make him give the same value of output as another person who works harder in the same task since the second person doesn’t share the same attribute. Following the theory, the two individuals should be compensated based on their input, which would be unfair because they both produced the same output. A person could perform good deeds because they have an obligation to do so. A police officer has a duty to stop and prevent a crime, a fire fighter has a duty to put out fires but these classes of people should not be rewarded extraordinarily for performing their duties. The law does not allow a police officer to sue for a reward for finding a missing person even though there was a clause or offer from the missing person’s family, so in this case the theory fails. Another instance could be found in our work places.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many CEOs work half day and enjoy the rest of the day playing a round of golf as their employees slave all day, yet the CEOs take the bigger pay simply because of their positions. Despite the fallbacks of this theory on the concept of good, it has a more positive impact in the case of evi l. Individuals are and should be punished based on the level of the bad they do. As is the case with our modern society, criminals serve different punishments depending on their crime. A murderer should be withdrawn from society, possibly for the rest of his or her life. A petty thief will serve shorter sentence than an individual on a robbery with violence charge, even though the two criminals may have stolen the same value of items. This theory therefore discourages evil, since individuals will avoid doing serious crimes for fear of retribution. Without this fear of getting punished, criminals and terrorists would roam free while world gets stuck in chaos. However, the theory upholds law and order, a major victory for justice (Waller, 2008). Due to our different backgrounds, cultures and religions, each and every individual is unique from each other. These differences influence our judgments thus explaining our differences in opinion regarding certain topics. Most western countrie s permit abortion, while other countries especially in the developing world consider it a crime. Differences in opinion mean that there’s no agreeable value of the deeds we perform. There’s no way of measuring a person’s goodness or badness. There’s also no stated best way of rewarding or punishing a person. Both rewards and punishments could take various forms, and their impact or influence could be dissimilar for two different people. A monetary reward could have little significance for an individual with a wealthy background while the same figure could greatly influence a person from a humble background. A person who has never been in jail before will think twice before repeating an offence while a seasoned criminal who did the same offence will have little in his way in case they get similar punishments. In this case, rewards and punishments may not have the desired outcomes if applied to different people. In conclusion if such a world existed, a plac e where which â€Å"the virtuous are rewarded and the vicious punished in proportion to their relative deserts,† people would strive to perform good deeds which would never go by unnoticed. Its common nature to love oneself, and if a reward is the only way to influence a good act, then so be it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Louis Pojman Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An employee cannot be expected to work harder if he knows that there is nothing that will commend him for his efforts. Despite the problems discussed earlier, the theory would still have significant impact on behavior. Pojman was right to assume that we should anticipate rewards for doing good deeds and expect punishment for bad deeds. References Waller, B. N. (2008). Consider ethics: Theory, readings, and contemporary issues (2nd ed.) New York, NY: Pearson/Longman.

Why is the therapeautic relationship regarded as a central component Essay

Why is the therapeautic relationship regarded as a central component to play therapy - Essay Example By giving the child a variety of different toys, including dolls, stuffed animals, and paints, the therapist is able to watch the child’s interactions with the toys in order to see how he or she feels. When something difficult happens in a child’s life, he or she may not yet have the verbal skills to properly express his or her feelings. Play therapy allows for the therapist to get beyond this verbal barrier and into the issues that could be plaguing the child’s development. For example, if a child is angry about something, he or she will act more aggressively towards the toys and might even get to the point of being destructive, whereas a depressed child might not even feel like playing with the toys. The style of therapy is supposed to help the child to come to grips with his or her limitations and capabilities and help the child to learn about him or her self and about life in general. It can also be a helpful tool in the child developing communication skills, as the therapist will be there communicating with the child throughout this process, â€Å"which must take place between children and the counsellor if the time together is to be a therapeutic experience† (Landreth, Play Therapy: Dynamics of the Process of Counseling with Children 45). Studies have shown that play therapy is effective in helping with many different social, behavioural, emotional, and educational problems. These problems include depression, anger, apprehension, demeanour disorders, abuse issues, aggressive behaviour, post-traumatic stress disorders, low self-esteem issues, poor social skills, impulsive behaviour, learning disorders, divorce issues, and handling traumatic experiences. Over time, the original ideas of play therapy have â€Å"merged almost completely into a newer therapeutic attitude, the nondirective approach (Landreth, Play Therapy: Dynamics of the Process of Counseling with Children 71) where â€Å"the therapist may leave responsibility and

Environmental Planning Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Environmental Planning - Coursework Example Difficulties in the enforcement of planning conditions due to lack of resourceful expertise. The federal government sets policies for environmental planning that help to improve climate adaptation and ecological development strategies within policies set by the government. The local government works hand in hand with the people regarding social issues affecting them as to enable them develop strategies for planning (Rydin & Pennington, 2000). The U.S government has ensured that the necessary tools for planning are available to enhance the smooth flow of this process, such tools include centralized databases and providing an excellent coverage of environmental knowledge. The government has set up policies that favor the environmental planning process; such as discouraging industrial pollution. Politics does not closely handle environmental problems on long term basis as they look at only the short term effects associated with social and economic influence as per their election term. Should an environmental problem arise such as floods that need immediate attention, the government policies to handle it are difficult to come by hence delaying the strategic decision process (Meadowcroft, 2002). The environment is a source of income and ecological factors affecting it affect incomes of the people and the fiscal plan of the government. Environmental planning has an effect on economic activity through things such as infrastructure that play a major role in production (Muthoo,

Social Learning Theory of Albert Bandura: Analysis

Social Learning Theory of Albert Bandura: Analysis Child development and welfare Gemma Smith An experiment was conducted to explore the social learning theory of Albert Bandura. The experiment involved small children that were exposed to different forms of aggression and violence to study if the behaviour modelled by an adult would then be reflected upon the child. The experiment provided a range of results that supported the hypothesis and some results that were unexpected. The experiment was effective for the purpose and the settings with the controls provided an ideal environment. Albert bandura was a behaviourist who performed an experiment on children who had been exposed to different behavioural conditions. Bandura’s theory states Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behaviour is learned observationally through modelling:from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviours are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action (Social learning theory, 2013). Bandura believed that the behaviour of children could be shaped by either classical conditioning or through operant conditioning (The distance learning centre, 2013, pg. 8). Operant conditioning was brought about by Burrhus Frederic Skinner, more commonly known as B.F. Skinner, along with his theory that he believed the best way to understand behaviour is to look at the causes of an action and its consequences (Simply psychology, 2014). To study this theory Skinner performed experiments on animals (You tube, March 2007). He placed pigeons in individual boxes; kept the birds at three quarter of their normal weight to ensure they would be hungry then used food as a reward for their behaviour (You tube, March 2007). He used his controlled conditions to isolate the first type of behaviour where the pigeon would peck at a red disc to then be rewarded with food (YouTube, March 2007). The pigeon’s behaviour has now been shaped through operant conditioning to receive food through reinforcement after the desired response has been performed (Boundless, nd). This type of conditioning be it positive or by the removal of punishment can be applied to the behaviour of children (Boundless, nd). A child that receives a reward for picking up the toys in their room for example will do this to receive the prize (Boundless, nd). Or a child’s behaviour could be altered by negative reinforcement such as a child’s favourite teddy or doll being confiscated if they did not perform a particular task. Therefore this demonstrates the power that reinforcement has upon the conditioning and the after affect being the repetition of the actions once the child has been rewarded (Boundless, nd). Reinforcement could easily have the opposite affect if the correct wording is not used and if there is not a clear explanation to follow (education.com, 2014). Then the effectiveness of the behavioural moulding is not as good as it could be. However if the parents are to use responsive language it demonstrates verbal guidance that is respectful to children by clarifying the rules and responsibilities, therefore giving the parents power (education.com, 2014). Although this may prove to be effective it raises some ethical issues. A parent could be considered as using positive reinforcement to manipulate the child (az central, 2014). This manipulation could be used to benefit the parent whilst placing the child in the middle (Parent alienation support, 2010). If a child were to provide reports to their main carer about the other parent to receive a reward this would be classed as manipulation and raise the point of it being unethical (Parent alienation support, 2010). When negative reinforcement is instilled the desired outcome is the same but the procedure is different (behavioural consulting, 2013). Instead of encouragement to promote more good behaviour something negative would be removed to motivate the child to respond (behavioural consulting, 2013). This can also prove to be effective if it is not used to an excessive amount or the psychological affect can damage the child’s self-esteem (global post, 2014). The damage can cause the child to become withdrawn or unwilling to try therefore giving their parents the ability to make them feel poorly about themselves (global post, 2014). Punishment is another form of reinforcement that can be used positively or negatively (behavioural consulting, 2013). Both can be used effectively if they are performed consistently (about.com, 2014). Skinner believed that this type of punishment would only be temporary and perhaps this is occurs because there is not an explanation to accompany the punishment (about.com, 2014). Punishment could also raise concerns later in life for a child whom is smacked for example; they may become aggressive or their behaviour could worsen into antisocial behaviour (about.com, 2014). Conditioning has been used before Bandura by John B. Watson and Rosalie Raynor (1920) in an experiment called little Albert (about.com, 2014). They experimented to see how phobias are the consequence of learnt behaviour (Mike Cardwell, Liz Clark and Claire Meldrum, April 2004, Psychology, third edition, Hammersmith, Collins, pg. 133). Banduras theory follows with the social learning theory (1973) being that violent behaviour is learnt by observing and copying another performing this (Mike Cardwell, Liz Clark and Claire Meldrum, April 2004, Psychology, third edition, Hammersmith, Collins, pg. 134). When Bandura performed the bobo doll experiment he set out to find if modelling influenced the behaviour of young children (youtube, May 2011). Watson and Raynor had the starting point and basis for Banduras theory to become more effective because people are social beings that may observe to learn (youtube, 2011). During the time of Banduras experiment the widespread view was that watching violence reduces aggression however Bandura wanted to prove that a child who watched an adult be violent towards the Bobo doll would then copy the behaviour not reduce it and that is what happened (youtube, May 2011). Modelling on a child could not only achieve what Bandura did but it could cause damage to the child (about.com, 2014). As observational learning has a great effect on what children learn as acceptable behaviour and for a child this shapes their personality (about.com, 2014). On the other hand John Bowlby (1907-1990) studied the attachment behaviour and believed that behaviours are instinctive (simply psychology, 2007). He said the behaviour becomes activated by any conditions that seem to threaten proximity (simply psychology, 2007). A study to investigate whether children learn from observing a model exhibiting aggressive behaviour to a Bobo doll. If violent and aggressive behaviour is modelled to a child then the significant outcome from the child will be aggressive. Whilst the child observes the adult being aggressive or violent to the doll they may not repeat the action and act the opposite with the doll. There is no significant difference between condition 1 (child praised) and condition 2 (child punished) when acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll. An experiment will be carried out using controlled conditions and variables to prove that aggressive behaviour can be modelled to a child, which they will then copy. The study will be an experimental and independent subject design. The independent variable would be the amount of children exposed to the aggressive and non-aggressive behaviour (simply psychology, 2011). The dependent variable is the measure of aggressive behaviour. The participants included seventy two children and two adult’s one of each gender. The children were separated evenly into three groups. In one half of the first two groups there were six boys and six girls with a female and in the second half there were six boys and six girls (simply psychology, 2011). The third group did not contain a model. The children ranged in age from three to six years old (simply psychology, 2011). The experiment contains many children of a range of ages so as to provide a varied amount of results. The apparatus needed for the experiment will be the videos of the children and model, a tick sheet to mark down the aggressive and non-aggressive acts. A stopwatch to be certain each observational study takes the same amount of time. Inferential statistics Using novel objects to hit the bobo doll 28/12= 2.3 35.5/12=2.95 F 2.95 Playing without showing aggressive actions 35/12=2.9 6.8/12=0.56 0.56 2.95/0.56= 5.26 The degrees of freedom for numerator are 15 and the degrees of freedom for dominator are 6. This makes my test two tailed therefore giving it a two directional outcome when looking at the results. This result does reflect the hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis but not the null hypothesis. The hypothesis and alternate hypothesis provides two directions to which the result can travel. The null hypothesis however is very specific to generalising that both of the conditions will not provide different results. Using the variance test provides information on two groups and as my results involved this test seemed appropriate to use. The experiment has clearly proven that children do learn from observation and can show just how much behaviour can be modelled to a child. A child’s way of thinking has been uncovered in this experiment when the results are explored. This is reflected when looking at the age range of the children and their results. In the Praised section of the table the ratings are all between three and four but as soon as the children are being punished for their behaviour the numbers dramatically drop and begin to range from zero to two. Although the results for non-aggressive behaviour under praise were surprisingly low whilst the punishment was high from three up to six on the scale. The controls that were put into place were effective and not in a way to be misleading to the child. For instance there was a kitchen set, a ball or two, a gun and a mallet. Even though the children used these for their own weapons these ideas were not modelled by the adult. The experiment could be described as ethical and unethical. Ethical because modelling behaviour is a way to teach children the difference between what is acceptable and what is not. On the other hand it is not ethical do use a blow up doll to demonstrate a child causing pain to it just because they have been shown to do so. How does it prove that the same child would repeat the actions months later on the Bobo doll and if that child does this because they remember it or their behaviour has changed. If the experiment were to be carried out again the Bobo doll would not be used another way of demonstrating behavioural changes should be used to vary the results. The results cannot be generalised to the whole public in every aspect but perhaps the ideas could be. The experiment is not generalised enough from the beginning the children were tested to see how aggressive they were to start with and with everyone being different the results would be inaccurate. The theory of social learning has some value in terms of associ ating many children to this type of learning from a very young age. The research could be expanded to deeper exploration in to the brain and what triggers are common in already aggressive people to what the triggers are for those whom are not aggressive my nature against the impartial people. The results for this can link the behaviourism to many types of crime, antisocial behaviour and even domestic violence. In conclusion the experiment to find out if modelling aggressive and violent behaviour would influence a child to observe and copy seems to have been proven a success. Albert Bandura’s theory can be applied to so many different aspects to behaviour and he chose one of the most interesting areas. The results have shown what power adults can have over their children and that reinforcement is not something to be taken lightly but supports the social learning theory. Conducting an experiment with small children was a good place to start because of their innocence and little or lack of knowledge of morals. Word count: 2063 References http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/social-learning.html Social learning theory 2013 http://www.distancelearningcentre.com/access/assessments/cdw/dip_cdw_child_rearing_assess.pdf bandura 2013 http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html skinner 2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_ctJqjlrHA Skinner March 2007 https://www.boundless.com/business/motivation-theories-and-applications/modern-views-on-motivation/reinforcement-theory/ Reinforcement theory nd http://www.education.com/reference/article/positive-guidance-techniques/ positive reinforcement 2014 http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/ethical-consideration-negative-positive-reinforcement-27520.html ethics and reinforcement 2014 http://parentalalienationsupport.com/2010/09/09/methods-of-emotional-manipulation-understanding-parental-alienation-using-behaviorism/ ethics and reinforcement 2010 http://bcotb.com/the-difference-between-positivenegative-reinforcement-and-positivenegative-punishment/ negative reinforceme nt 2013 http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/effects-negative-reinforcements-selfesteem-14366.html negative reinforcement self-esteem 2014 http://psychology.about.com/od/operantconditioning/f/punishment.htm punishment 2014 http://psychology.about.com/od/classicpsychologystudies/a/little-albert-experiment.htm Watson and Raynor 2014 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zerCK0lRjp8 albert bandura may, 2011 http://psychology.about.com/od/early-child-development/a/experience-and-development.htm experience and development 2014 http://www.simplypsychology.org/bowlby.html Bowlby 2007 http://www.simplypsychology.org/bobo-doll.html bandura Bobo doll 2011 Book Mike Cardwell, Liz Clark and Claire Meldrum, April 2004, Psychology, third edition, Hammersmith, Collins

Brand Report – Monster v Red Bull

At the heart of every great organization, Is a world class product or service and in any competitive business market, organizations rival to be every consumer's â€Å"first choice†. Effective brand management Is essential to every business – building strong brands that not only reflect value and credibility, but also outlive the product or service the business offers, Is a challenge for many organizations today.The FMC (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industry is one of the biggest industries in the world, simply because of the rand's and products that make up this sector such as Colgate, Dove, Palmolive and the list goes on. This report will compare two FMC brands within the Australian market, namely Monster Energy and Red Bull, and the consumers levels of brand awareness towards the selected brands. It will also discuss the importance of brand association and how this is measured.Through the use of these brands, Monster Energy and Red Bull, the report will illustrate the importance of an organization's ability to continuously build brand awareness with its consumers. Launched by Hansen Natural In 2002, Monster Energy penetrated the Australian market In 2009 ND has since bumped up the consumption of energy drinks In Australia to 225 million liters, resulting In gross sale of $2. 37 billion, according to Monster Corps's 2012 annual report. This figure also includes Australia's number one selling energy drink company, Red Bull, with a market share of 40%.As defined by Kettle (2009), a brand can be a name, sign, logo, symbol or a combination of these, that identifies an organization's product or service, differentiating them from other competitors. According to Keller (1993), brand equity is conceptualized from the perspective of the individual consumer. He also asserts that customer-based brand equity (CUBE) occurs when the consumer is familiar with the brand and whilst holding favorable, strong and unique brand associations in memory (1993). CUBE (Cus tomer-Based Brand Equity) is further defined by Keller (1993, up. ) as the differential effect of brand knowledge on consumer response to the marketing of the brand. Brand knowledge Is defined In In terms of two components; brand awareness and brand Image. According to Keller (1 993), brand awareness relates to brand recall and recognition performance by consumers, whilst brand image refers to the set of associations that consumers hold in memory. Since its launch in 2002, Monster Energy has developed strong brand salience, despite its non-evocative brand name.Placing the word ‘energy' with ‘Monster assists the customer to associate the product with the correct category. Brand salience is the first step in Seller's CUBE model (2008) and where organizations must establish who they are and what the brand represents to consumers. Establishing an identity and creating brand awareness is important at this stage, as it is when customers initially create perceptions about the b rand. McDonald & Sharp (2003) assert that a brand that has some level of brand awareness Is more likely to be selected by the consumer, than a brand unknown to the consumer.A challenge FMC companies must consider, Is the consumer's lack of decision making process Involved at the time of purchase, making It difficult for new brands to penetrate an already infiltrated industry. When Monster was initially low. Despite heavy marketing promotions and sporting associations, Monster's position within Australia's energy drinks category was relatively low, in comparison to market dominator and competitor, Red Bull. In comparison to its rival, Red Bull, Monster's brand salience lacks depth in the minds of Australian consumers.Although the Monster's logo of a monster claw shaped as an ‘M' is easily recognizable internationally, Australian consumers still lack the ability to recognize or recall the product category in which Monster belongs. The breadth of brand awareness concerns the rang e of purchase and usage situations in which the brand comes to mind (Keller, 2008), which largely depends on the organization of the brand and the product knowledge in consumers' memory.Today, Red Bull is the most recognized ND profitable energy drink in the world and is a beverage consumed at any time throughout the day. Both Red Bull and Monster offer a range of energy products, targeting consumption at different times throughout a given day. Both brands have broad brand awareness, consumers associating them with extreme sports, beverage for consumption early, mid or late in the day and an energy booster. Experiment 1 A research survey was conducted with a sample of 30 participants, 1 5 of which were male and 15 female (Fig 1 & 2).The objective of the survey research was to: Determine if males or females consume energy drinks and how frequently To determine the position of both Monster Energy and Red Bull in the mind of consumers Determine when and where the energy drink is most c onsumed Procedure The survey was formed with the appropriate questions to provide the data required to support brand awareness research on the energy drinks category. Participants were recruited from Speeches Australia Pity Ltd and also several students from the University of Western Sydney, Parameter campus.Results The first question was to determine how frequently males and females drink energy drinks throughout any given week (Fig 3). 19 participants reported drinking 1 or less energy drinks throughout the week with only 2 drinking 5 times a week. The next question asked what energy drink they consume and Red Bull came in at 43% popularity and Monster ranking third place at 20% Fig 4). The third question was asked to determine when and where the participants consumed their selected energy drink (Fig 5). 17 participants reported having an energy drink in the afternoons, with mornings being the time energy drinks were least consumed.Consumption within the workplace was reported as being the most common place of consumption with social events ranking in second with a reported 9 participants (Fig ). Summary Although the sample was small, the data research supports the statistics that Red Bull Energy rates higher in consumer's minds than Monster Energy. Despite both brands being strongly associated with humor, fun, excitement and extreme sports, one can conclude that because energy drinks are most consumed during the day and within the workplace, the breadth of brand awareness for both Monster and Red Bull is relatively broad.According to Asker (1992), brand association is anything linked in memory to a brand associations enable a company to differentiate their brands in the market and can be tildes as an organization's competitive advantage. Keller (2013) classifies brand associations into three categories; attributes, benefits and attitudes. Attributes are the features of the brand, benefits are the values the consumer attaches to the brand and attitudes refer s to the consumer's overall evaluation of the brand. Building brand equity can also be done through the leverage of related or secondary brand associations (Keller, 2013).Secondary brand association can be an effective way for an organization to reinforce existing strong, favorable and strong associations if the existing brand is deficient. Red Bull uses celebrity endorsements, sporting, cultural and community events as secondary brand associations. Low & Lamb (2000) discusses the importance of firms measuring being able to measure associations with their brands and the techniques that can be used to accurately measure consumer brand associations. Brand image, attitude and perceived quality have been used to measure brand associations for many years.After much research, Low & Lamb concluded that not all brand scales such as personality or attributes can be applied across all categories, therefore, acting as separate constructs as opposed to nee-dimensional brand associations. This g ives rise to the idea that consumers now have more developed memory structures for more familiar brands. The authors also suggest that care must be taken when measuring associations of familiar brands – as quoted by the author ‘Familiarity moderates the dimensionality of brand associations'.Asker (1996) asserts that in order for organizations to perform optimally and allocate resources fairly across its portfolio of brands, it must implement common measures of performance. Managers should seek new branding strategies, to always from the same category as their product, but from the other brand categories. This will provide fresh ideas and new insight, resulting in new product positioning in the market. Kara also discusses the use of ten different measurements used to measure brand associations.He also asserts that the one measurement of brand equity that can be used is price premium. The reason behind this is that regardless of brand, any driver of brand equity will affe ct price premium. The consumer's association with any given brand is important to any organization wishing to maintain competition in the business market. Suppresses (2000) discusses the lack of knowledge regarding brand association relevant to other brands in other product categories. Suppresses points out the challenges brought about by private label brands.Suppresses also discusses the ways by which firms can research consumers' brand associations including lengthy personal interviews as opposed to group interviews and validating given answers to questions. By validating answers, one can increase the probability of detecting hidden associations. Suppresses concludes that brand managers need to attain a deeper understanding f the sources of brand equity in order to implement optimal brand strategies and to maintain effective communication. The way by which firms undertake research should delve into the unconscious and non-verbal associations that consumers have for their brands (2 000).Experiment 2 Personal interviews were conducted with two participants, male and female, aged 27 and 19 respectively. The objective of the survey research was to: the emotions associated with Red Bull's secondary association through sporting imagery Determine the emotions evokes when the participants brand Red Bull Procedure The interview was conducted to determine the emotions consumers have Bull and its secondary brand association. Both participants (Male A and were students of University of Western Sydney, Parameter campus. Rest The words ‘RED BULL† was vocalizes to each participant two times.The FL to measure their initial reaction and the second was to validate that area reacted immediately with instant recognition and slight excitement. Fem. recognition but not of excitement. When validating their reactions, Male loves the brand and is a regular consumer however, Female B said she c Red Bull but is not a fan of the taste. A picture of the Red Bull logo (Fig. 5; to both participants and both reacted similarly, with recognition. Male A recognition and affordability for the brand with the use of facial express head gestures.Similar to the reacted of Female B, although she wasn't t the product. The third measurement was through the use of imagery re Bull's secondary association, sporting endorsements (Fig. 8). Male Bi's ex. increased and he vocalizes his interest in X-tree sporting events and of Red Bull's consistent involvement in the sporting arena. Female Bi's en however, dropped and was visible by her posture and lack of verbalism Brands can evoke strong emotions and memory associations from consul that one's negative perception of the brand as a result of taste or expert difficult for organizations to change.The research also illustrates that the association consumers hold with Red Bull is a positive one. Following Ex and Experiment 2, the results reflect the premise that the selected bran extensive brand salience with consumers and that if consumers are expo positive marketing, perceptions tend to remain. Red Bull is a superior BRB otherwise saturated energy drink category, posing increased competition riveter label beverages and other energy brands. By continuously impair strategic branding, firms can be certain that with these strategies, it will competitive edge within the business market.Brand management with industry is of utmost importance, as monopoly retailers continue to dicta brands to display on their shelves, minimizing consumer choice and the increasing competition within all product categories. The energy drinks exception, with consumers increasingly becoming more health conscious industry battling to remain competitive with an increasingly globalizes market. With the right brand strategies and managers to drive and imply strategies, one can be confident that Red Bull will continue to dominate energy market share. Appendix Fig 7.

Scrutinizing Adultery in the East Asian milieu through East Asian films

The ThinkExist dictionary states that adultery means immorality or unchastity of thinking as well as demeanour, as outlawed by the seventh commandment. It is the â€Å"unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with another other than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman with another other than her husband†.It is regrettable that adultery is becoming extensive and out of control in the society of today. The fact that adultery is becoming widespread is perhaps due to the moral disposition of a particular country and its inhabitants or lack of appropriate implementation of the laws on adultery of a certain country.Astoundingly, adultery can be investigated in diverse contexts depending on the mores or background surrounding which adultery has been looked into. This write-up seeks to explore the concept of adultery in the East Asian context or perception by way of East Asian films or other creative or litera ry works for that matter.In the article Adultery and Bigamy in China, Jeffrey Hays describes how adultery is being depicted in the book â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dress† by Pang-Mei Natasha Chang. Hays pointed out that the Chinese author Pang-Mei Natasha Chang tells the story of her great aunt Yu-I through this book.The book starts with the childhood days of Yu-I, her arranged marriage to Hsu Chih-Mo (her husband who was unfaithful to her), their divorce and the profession she later had. In this book, the author Pang-Mei Natasha Chang is told by her great aunt Yu-I, â€Å"You always ask me if I loved Hsu Chih-Mo, and you know I cannot answer this. It confuses me, this question, because everyone always tells me that I did so much for Hsu Chih-Mo, I must have loved him.In my entire life, I have never said to anyone, ‘I love you.' If caring for Hsu Chih-Mo and his family was love, then maybe I loved him†. Without a doubt, the book â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dre ss† enlightens readers of the story of the earliest contemporary adultery in China.The adultery committed by Hsu Chih-Mo, the husband of Yu-I, in the narrative was stimulated by the actuality that the characters in the story were involved in an arranged marriage which is common in China.Arranged marriages can fuel or can cause adulterous acts to be perpetrated by either the husband or the wife with another woman or man correspondingly because of the fact that these types of marriages brings into the marital union two persons who are completely strangers to each other.These strangers are compelled to treat each other as husband and wife without being given the opportunity to know each other well. Hence, it becomes inevitable for any of the spouses to seek extramarital affection through illicit affairs with someone other than their spouses the moment they discovered that they are not really in love with the person they have married.Jeffrey Hays in the article Adultery and Bigamy in China laments that â€Å"simplified marriage procedures have led to a rise in bigamy†. In the past, according to Hays, it was ordinary for rich Chinese men to marry three or four women simultaneously. The wives had diverse responsibilities. They regularly had shared duties in the rearing and raising of their different children.The Chinese authorities plan to make public the nationwide marriage registry online so that wives can investigate their spouses and be convinced that they are not married to other women. The scheme has been initiated in order to eradicate bigamy and other adulterous conduct especially among Chinese men.The Chinese movie â€Å"In the Mood for Love† is another artistic work that depicts adultery in East Asian perspective. The director of the film is Wong Kar Wai. TKL, the assessor of the movie, states that regardless of all the hitches that occurred while the movie was being filmed, it turned out to be one of the best works of Wong Kar Wai.The film, according to TKL, is a soppy work of art that tells the story of a â€Å"couple in love and of lost opportunities†. The central characters in the movie, namely Mrs. Chan and Mr. Chow (Tony Leung) are both married to their respective spouses.They, however, got acquainted with each other and soon traded glimpses and lovely salutations towards each other. An extramarital affair soon began between the two characters after they have determined that their respective spouses were having an illicit affair.TKL continues his movie review by stating that Mrs. Chan and Mr. Chow initially wanted to map out how the illicit affair of their respective spouses began â€Å"until they unknowingly fell in love with each other too†.Mrs. Chan turned down the idea of fostering their extramarital relationship on account of her guilt feelings and on account of the fact that she did not want to be unfaithful like her husband and the wife of Mr. Chow. The film is clouded with romantic pass ions and unexpressed emotions.TKL declares that there was absence of societal restriction and there was no genuine disapproval for adultery. â€Å"The movie carries such pessimistic views†, TKL continues. â€Å"There is no positive message about fighting for love, or overcoming obstacles for love or even that love conquers all†.The movie mainly depicts the lives of those people who are not daring when it comes to love and prefer not to take the risks and spend the rest of their lives in disappointment and misery as a result. It shows how chances that once were lost could be lost perpetually.This Chinese motion picture suggests a familiar view that happiness can be obtained through a prohibited relationship with another person and such bliss can be forever unachievable if one were to select the rightful path. The rightful path is the path that invites one to forget one’s feelings towards someone who is not his or her spouse and evade extramarital relationship.Sou th Korea is one more country besides China which is situated in East Asia. South Korean dramas or motion pictures have achieved prominence and intense popularity in the past years. South Korean actors and actresses themselves have achieved tremendous recognition not only in South Korea but also in other states particularly in Asia and in the countries in the West.Cedric Collemine, in his article Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success, proclaims that when unfaithfulness is the main account of a new motion picture or a drama series in South Korea, spectators criticize and state that they have enough of the theme. Nevertheless, it was determined that these same spectators continue to be fastened to their television screens.Spectators pass judgment on stories about adulterous affairs but they still get pleasure from watching them. â€Å"And the more infidelity a show has, the higher its TV ratings are†. Collemine continues his scrutiny by relating that SBS will show a fresh drama series entitled â€Å"The Other Woman† and to separate this drama series from the other drama series, it will illustrate several unsafe extramarital relationships.To demonstrate uniqueness, Collemine states that the conception of the drama â€Å"The Other Woman† is â€Å"double infidelity†. A lady in the drama suffers extreme heartaches because of the illicit affairs committed by her spouse, but then she herself is committing adultery.It is important to mention that the plot that one person suffered pain due to the adulterous relationship of his or her spouse and then later finds himself or herself to fall into another traitorous relationship is parallel to the movie ‘April Snow’, starring Bae Yong-joon and Son Ye-jin.â€Å"My Rosy Life† is another South Korean drama series that is featured in the article Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success by Cedric Collemine. The story of â€Å"My Rosy Life† starts with a woman who â €Å"looks back into her own life after her marriage is in shambles after her husband committed adultery†. Jee-su, the central character in the narrative, is a staunch housewife for a decade.Her other half, Jae-min suddenly makes a shocking announcement. The shocking announcement is that Jae-min, her husband, is in love with another woman. He demands a divorce from his wife whom he has been married for thirteen years in order to live with another woman whom he has been having an affair for only two months.Jae-min tries every means in order to get a divorce from Jee-su his wife while Jee-su tries everything to alter the decision of her husband. The divorce came and after which, Jae-min asks his mistress to tie the knot with him but his mistress declines. For the time being, Jee-su lives alone and runs a business when she gets acquainted with a cable TV producer named Do-yeon whom she has fallen in love with.Ironically, the wife of Do-yeon is the mistress of her husband Jae-min. â€Å"Jee-su, who was a victim to the infidelity of her husband, now becomes the afflicter, and the four people get entangled in complicated love relationships†. This narrative, according to the producers, will offer an occasion for fully grown people to bring to mind their lives after marriage.Nevertheless, in contrast to â€Å"My Rosy Life†, which culminates with remorse and a recuperated marriage, â€Å"The Other Woman† inflames the audience with a lot of complex adulterous love affairs. It is safe to proclaim that up to date motion pictures and dramas have had triumph with traitorous themes.Surprisingly, however, in contrast to the triumph that these South Korean dramas and films with adulterous content experience, adulterous relationships perpetrated in actuality are dealt with seriously by the South Korean government. In connection with this, Jack Kim in his write-up, Jail for Adultery Law Upheld, asserts that the highest court of South Korea has upheld a n adultery law that is decades-old.The said adultery law can imprison guilty persons due to the commission of illicit or adulterous love affairs. Some people, however, say that such fact pertaining to imprisonment due to defiance of the adultery law is â€Å"anachronistic and infringes on personal freedom†. According to Jack Kim in his write-up, the court declares that the lawful observation of the general public that â€Å"adultery is damaging to the social order and infringes on the rights of another continues to be effective†.The legal battle began when the lawyers for actress Ok Bo-kyung made an appeal in January of 2008 in connection to the chaotic divorce arrangements that Ok Bo-kyung and her husband had entered into. Ok Bo-kyung disclosed that she indeed had an extramarital affair; nevertheless she accused her husband as an inadequate spouse.â€Å"The adultery law †¦ has degenerated into a means of revenge by the spouse, rather than a means of saving a mar riage,† the petition of Ok Bo-kyung had said. The adultery law was passed by the South Korean government in 1953 for the purpose of protecting women. Kim further disclosed that â€Å"in this male-dominated society, women had little recourse against a husband who had an affair.Back then, if a wife walked out of a marriage, she would often end up alone and penniless†. Currently, it is infrequent for unfaithful spouses to be imprisoned but such fact has not prevented lots of furious spouses from initiating criminal complaints every year. Indeed, it is clear by scrutinizing the circumstances at hand, that the adultery law of South Korea has a very righteous and noble objective which is that of safeguarding the marital rights of women and deferring unfaithful husbands from committing adultery.It is also obvious however, that although the law has been utilized towards that end, it has also been utilized towards other aims such as seeking retribution and justice.The diverse Ea st Asian films and other creative efforts that were dealt with that contained betrayal and adulterous subject matters can be utilized to explore how these films and artistic works reflect the viewpoint of a particular country on adultery and more importantly the character of the people in a particular country.To start with, it is relevant to point out the piece of writing entitled, Film View; What’s Adultery? A Little Sex, A Lot of Politics which is written by Caryn James. James, in her writing states that it is significant to examine what several film makers are doing for adultery at present. No less than eight movies from seven nations have provided a notion of betrayal around the globe in the past days.James pointed out that it is a clearly identifiable indication of a tumultuous â€Å"social era†. The film â€Å"Ju Duo† which is set in China in the 1920’s has a familiar storyline which is that of an arranged marriage between an adolescent girl and an elder man.The arranged marriage directs the adolescent woman to commit infidelity which unfortunately leads to murder. The Japanese film â€Å"The Sting of Death† on the other hand, illustrates a woman who realizes the adultery committed by her husband and goes crazy. James, in his writing cleverly pronounces that films like â€Å"Ju Duo†, â€Å"The Sting of Death† as well as the manuscript entitled, â€Å"Bound Feet and Western Dress† bring to the fore conjugal faithlessness to an imaginative and creative aspiration.James said that â€Å"in all these films, adultery is more than a matter of love or passion†. These films use the account of the marriage and adultery of a person to unveil societal insincerity in order to examine and condemn â€Å"one of the most crucial standards by which any culture lives†.â€Å"Most often, infidelity becomes a symbolic act of rebellion against the traditional social order†. Simply put, the diverse Eas t Asian movies particularly those in China that has adultery as their main theme are utilized by filmmakers in order to demonstrate their condemnation and disapproval of the existence of arranged marriages as part of the culture and common practices in China.Their disapproval on arranged marriages is being manifested in a subtle and imaginative fashion.Every East Asia film on adultery has been dealt with in a manner attributable to the â€Å"cinematic style† of each country in order to portray exceptionality and to present an informative â€Å"cross-cultural view†. In movies such as â€Å"Ju Dou†, adulterous conduct is unequivocally illustrated as a brave opposition against obsolete and old-fashioned practices. James said that these movies enlighten viewers of zeal and aggression, but they are more concerned with societal commentary.In the film â€Å"Ju Dou†, every ensuing behaviour of the main character named Ju Dou rebels the common practices of China t hat fastens her to an abusive spouse. â€Å"The affair and illegitimate son she has with Tian Qing are both symbolic and personal†. The abusive husband, so despicable that he attempts to kill the child, symbolizes the wicked traditions (and in addition the Chinese government dominion) that have held China back.When the wicked husband dies, a family leader calls upon the prehistoric ideas and evicts Tian Qing. â€Å"Challenging such rigid social patterns is both heroic and tragic and in this context, the persistent love between Ju Dou and Tian Qing is as much a failed social rebellion as it is a private passion†. James further said that in films such as â€Å"Ju Dou, the movie producer feels sorry for seditious lovers, whose ardent opposition to tradition bears figurative credence.The other personalities in the movie who contest the arranged marriage and the penalty for adultery are likewise tough characters. Nevertheless, the insurgence falls short, leading to a berea vement that functions as a powerful condemnation of obsolete common practices for its own sake. The film â€Å"The Sting of Death†, on the other end, is much more unequivocal in its utilization of adulterous theme as a ‘social metaphor’.â€Å"The film uses the medium of the relationship of a husband and wife to graphically depict the character of the Japanese people in the post war era†.The wife in this story married a soldier about to be sent to battle. This movie does not portray an arranged marriage but it is one that is â€Å"coloured by the exigencies of war and nationalism† and â€Å"when she discovers his infidelity after ten years of marriage and two children, the screen overflows with his guilt, her obsessive recriminations and mutual threats of suicide†.Certainly, the various East Asia movies and creative works that were scrutinized in this composition reflect the objective of the movie producers in creating such films with adultero us subject matters. These movie producers want to make a virulent statement towards the government of the country where they inhabit.These movie makers used artistic mechanisms to display their condemnation of a certain rigid societal pattern or to display their abhorrence or adoration to adultery itself and finally to demonstrate their deliberation on the quality of the people in a particular country specially those countries wherein which adulterous relationship is rampant. Works CitedCollemine, Cedric. â€Å"Adultery is Secret of Dramas’ Success†. December 2, 2005. .Hays, Jeffrey. â€Å"Adultery and Bigamy in China†. April 2010. .James, Caryn. â€Å"Film View; What’s Adultery? A Little Sex, A Lot of Politics†. October 14, 1990. .Kim, Jack. â€Å"Jail for Adultery Law Upheld†. October 30, 2008. .ThinkExist, â€Å"Meaning of Adultery†. 2010. TKL, â€Å"In the Mood for Love†. 2008. < http://www.spcnet.tv/Movies/In-the-Mood-for-Love-review-r444.html>.